Internal combustion engine



July-7, 1931. D. F. CLARKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Sept. 17, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l ll/l/l/Il/ Juli' 7, 1931. F CLARKE 1,812,862

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGI NE Filed Sept. 17, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 7, v 1931 2; NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE noUG A's ri oLAR E; or SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN MIRACLE MOTORS, rxrn, A coaroR 'rroN or CALIFORNIA I TERNAL coMBUsrIoN ENGINE Application filed September 17, 1929. Serial No. 393,150.

'My invention relates to internal combustion engines and hasfor its object to provide anew and eflicient motor which will eliminate dilution of the crank case oils, increase the mileage of the fuel used, and make a coolerrunning motor; r

A further objectis" to provide a motor which" willbe water jacketed so as to eliminate'much of thecarbonization' of the "gases, one which will have a return flow bleeder in thecylindenwalls t'o drainthe splash oils back into thecrankcase-and one which will have'a well formed around the top end of the cylinder so that there will be no foreign substances drained down "into the crank case. A still further object isto provide a motor which will have the spark plug set down into a well so as'to form a hot spot in the head *of' the motor for firing the fuel gases,

and one which will have the intake and exhaust pipes so formed" and placed adjacent 'as'to insure pre-heating of the fuel into "gases before it is introduced into the firing chamber, thereby increasing the power, the mileage pergallon', and'decreasing any tendency of the fuel, or crankcase vapors to condense on the cylinder walls and causecrank case dilution; 7

' In'the drawingsin' which I have shown the best-and most preferred manner of building my invention Figure 1 is a section longitudinally and vertically through three cylinders of my motor. 'Figure 2 is a section across one valve and onecylinder. Figure 3 isa plan and section on line 3-3 of'Figure -1. Figure 4' is a longitudinal section of the motor showing modifications of the motor. Figure 5 is a cross section of one cylinder of the motor. Figure, 6 is a section of one of the pistons; I Figure? is a section of one vent it from draining into the crankcase. I then form a spiral groove or channel bleeder 2 from near the lower edge of the well descending down and around the side Wall of the cylinder to the open lower end thereof where any excess oil from the cylinder walls will be accumulated and drained backinto the crank case. The cylinders are spaced apart by the usual water jackets 3 and have jackets 4: around the end cylinders to provide for cooling thereof. The pistons of my engineare made with a head 5 which head is bored transversely to receive the connecting rods, C which rods are secured to-the crank shaft D, and in the underside of the said piston head 5 above'the connecting rod bearings I place a screen 6, which screen is held from the lower side of the head by a flange 7 in the piston, said screen being placed therein to catch the splash of oil from the crank case and prevent accumulation'of carbonized oil on the underside of the piston head thereby preventing much of the carbon from finding its way into the oil of the crank case. Around the outer periphery of the top side of the piston I provide or form a cup 8 which cup fits against the sides of the cylinder walls and has the same outside diameter as the head 5 and extends upwardly therefrom, thereby forming the firing chamber of the piston above the head 5 and within the cup 8. Y

The cylinder head F may be formed in separate portions for each piston or in one compact block as shown in the drawings and each head is formed with water jackets 9 in the top thereof and with extensions E depending downwardly therefrom into the cylinder of the engine but spaced insufficiently from the innerwall of the said cylinder to allow the cup 8 of the piston 5 tooperatetherebetween. The extension is formed with a downward depending cylinder 10,and an end platell, and an upwardly extending cylinder 12, leaving a water jacket 12a therebetween and with a spider 13 formed between the end of the cylinder 12 and the end plate'll said spider being formed to provide a valve guide 14 therein andports 15 therebetween through which incoming fuel or exhaust gases are passed. The'cylinder is secured to the bottom side 16 of the head F and the cylinder 12 is secured to or formed onthe bottom surface of'the topside 16a of the head F.

Across the cylinder 12 from inner wall to inner wall I providea separating plate or fin 17 separating the said cylinder into semicylindrical intake and exhaust chambers 18 and 19 v Through the head of the cylinder extension Eand the top side16a I -then pass valve stems 20 which valve stems have heads 21 formed on the lower end thereof, and valve seats 22 are'formed in the end plate of the extension head E in open communication with the ports 15, with the heads 21 adapted to seat within andcc'ontrol the flow of fuel or gases through the valve seats and the'ports;

The valves andstems are controlled by the usual rocker arms G: and the cams and the push rods J of the motor and the rocker-arms openthe valves and springs 23 are provided on thetop ends of the stems 20- to close the valves in'their'seats after therocker arms vhave been operated. Piston ring grooves 24 are cut inthe outer periphery of the exten sions E near the lower end thereof and compression rings 25arecarried therein to prevent leakage of compression from the cupi'8 up around the wal-ls ofthe extension E.

"The operation of mymotor is as follows The, pistons 5 operate up and downwithin thecylinders and thecup 8 operates between the inner'walls of the cylinders and the outer V walls of the extensions E with the compressions-rings 25 toprevent leakage of compression from within the cup-8. The spark plugs 27 for firing the fuel gases are set in wells 28 formed in the extensions E rand tform hot spots in the heads at thepoint of explosion. As the pistons move 7 upwardly the gasesare compressed within the cup 8 be- 7 low the extensions E and when they reach the highest point of travel of the piston the spark plugs fire thegases. The compression of the exploded gases is all within thecup 8 and theend of the extensions E and the heads 5 of the pistonsand as there are rings inthe extensions Ethere will be complete compression and expansion therewithin. The ex:

panding gases drive the piston 5 down and rotate the crank shaft, This operation is continued in eachcylinder. the cylindera-dvancesthe exploded fuel isthen exhausted that thejwater jacket in theiextension E is directly above the firing chamber'and is also surrounding the extensions E thereby cooling the cup 8, as it travels up and down the outer surface thereof. 'The fuel which is drawn into the motor from the carburetor (not shown) is preheated until it'is'in a Vapor form when it enters the top end of the chamber 18 by the close proximity of the exhaust pipe 29 to the intake pipe 30. a As shown in Figure 3 of the-drawings,ithe exhaust pipe and the intake pipe are set adjacent and contacting each other with a flat surface there- 'between-but it-will be obvious that they maybe made round and a cover or cap set thereover to hold the heat of the exhaust gases adjacent and proximating the intaking fuel therebygiving a hot intake manifold from the carburetor to the engine and down into the firing chamber so that there will be no spotin the traveljof the *carburetted fuel which will not be heatedw by'the exhaust gases. This insures morefinely divided and carburetted fuel in the form of a vapor for the motor thereby giving better consumption ofthe fuel, more completecarburetion, better mileage and le'ssh'eatto the motor.

-- Having thus described my invention T desire to secure by Letters Patent and; claim g 1. In a motor of the class described the combination, of a .cylinderihaving an annular well formed near the top end thereof; a bleeder formed'spirally down the side wall thereof a detachablecylinder head having an extension thereon adapted to fit down 'within and spaced from the inner wall of said cyl-' inder; a piston operable within said cylinder' having the top end formed-into a cup,

said cup to operate within the space between the inner walls of. the cylinderand the outer ,walls of the cylinder head; a water jacket formed iwithin the extension on'the heads around the side walls thereof a:partition between the innerwalls of said. head extending from top to bottom; valves operable'one on eachside of said wall, and valve seats formed on the end of said extensionyintake and exhaust pipesadjacent each other to I carry fuel to the motor and'theexhaust gases therefrom with the exhaust gases to preheat the intake-fuel bythe close proximitythereto; and a well formed within-the extension and through' the head in which the spark plug is placed for firing the gases within the cup and below the extension of the head. 2, In a motor of the class described the combination of a cylinder havingjan annular well formed. near the top end thereof; a

bleeder formed spirally down the sidewall thereof; a detachable cylinderhead having an extension thereon adapted to fit down within and spaced from the inner wall of said cylin der; a piston operable within saidcylinder having the top end formed into a cup, said cup to operate within the spacebetween' the inner .walls of the cylinder and the outer walls of the cylinder head; a water jacket-formed within the extension on the head around the side walls thereof; a; partition between the inner walls of said head extending from top to bottom; valves operable one on each side of said wall, and in valve seats formed on the end of said extension; intake and exhaust pipes adjacent each other to carry fuel to the motor and the exhaust gases therefrom with the exhaust gases to preheat the intake fuel provide for a water jacket therewithin; a

piston having a cup formed on the top end thereof adapted to operate within said cylinder between the walls of the cylinder and the extension on the head; and a screen carried in said piston above the wrist pin, adapted to catch splash oil and prevent carbonization of the oil on the inner head of the piston; and compression rings carried within said extensions to prevent escapement of gases from the cup of the piston into the cylinder.

4. In a motor of the class described the combination of a set of cylinders; a detachable cylinder head having extensions thereon adapted to fit down within said cylinders to carry the fuel thereto and the gases therefrom and to provide for a Water jacket there- Within; a piston having a cup formed on the top end thereof adapted to operate within said cylinder between the walls of the cylinder and the extension on the head; and a screen carried in said piston above the wrist pin, adapted to catch splash oil and prevent carbonization of the oil on the inner head of the piston, and compression. rings carried within said extensions to. revent escapement of gases from'the cup 0% the piston into the cylinder. 1

5. In an internal combustion en 'ne having a cylinder with anannular Well ormed at the head end thereof, the combination of an intake and exhaust manifold formed in a single casting and extending down into said cylinder head to preheat the fuel in the intake manifold by the heat of the exhaust gases within the adjacent exhaust manifold.

In testimony whereof he has affixed his signature.

DOUGLAS F. CLARKE. 

